Juanita, Pepe y Lupita están en medio de un riguroso proceso para adaptarlos a la vida en el mar

Bayahíbe.- Desde el pasado 13 de diciembre los manatíes Juanita, Pepe y Lupita iniciaron una nueva etapa en su vida luego de ser trasladados desde el Acuario Nacional hasta Bayahíbe, lugar que será su morada temporal hasta que tras un proceso de adaptación puedan ser liberados de manera definitiva en su hábitat natural: el mar.

El seguimiento que se da a los manatíes en “Bayanatí”, como se le denomina al espacio en donde se encuentran desde su llegada, es minucioso.

Esta fase se desarrolla con soporte de un equipo de técnicos calificados pertenecientes al Acuario Nacional, la Fundación Dominicana de Estudios Marinos (FUNDEMAR) bajo la coordinación del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente por medio de su Viceministerio de Recursos Costeros y Marinos.

Jornada desde las primeras horas

A las 7:30 de la mañana un equipo de cinco especialistas cuidadores inicia la fase de preparación de la rutina diaria; buscan los equipos de buceo, luego van a un cuarto frío donde se encuentra la comida, que consiste en vegetales y pradera marina, y enseguida se trasladan a Bayanatí, un espacio controlado en el mar de más de 4 mil metros cuadrados.

Una vez allí, en la caseta habilitada para tales fines, se pesan los alimentos y se preparan los comederos en tubos que se utilizan para colocarlos en el lecho marino donde los manatíes llegan a consumirlos.

Observación minuciosa y apoyada en tecnología

En la rutina diaria también se hace una detenida observación a los animales; se revisan a ver si tienen alguna herida y en general se confirma cómo están y dónde se encuentran.

Después de esto inicia un monitoreo fijo utilizando drones en tiempos estrictamente definidos.

A  las 10:00, 10:05 y 10:10 de la mañana, se toman fotos en donde se observa su ubicación exacta a través de un mapa con cuadrantes del área y se identifica que actividades están realizando.

En lo adelante se realiza otro monitoreo, esta vez de respiración el cual permite determinar la capacidad pulmonar de los individuos.

Tras casi un mes en este hábitat se ha observado que cada vez retienen más aire y pueden permanecer bajo el agua durante más tiempo en comparación de cuando se encontraban en el Acuario Nacional confinados a un espacio de poco más de 25 metros cuadrados.

Otra parte del proceso es revisar la malla de protección a fin de confirmar que no tenga hoyos, retirar los restos de comida que se encuentren en ella y asegurarse de que no tenga puntas que puedan representar un peligro para los animales.

Además de determinar datos como si tienen heridas nuevas, si toman agua dulce de los ríos subterráneos ubicados en el lugar o si están ingiriendo pradera marina, se da seguimiento incluso a las heces y gases, una tarea que no resulta fácil ya que Bayanatí tiene una extensión considerable lo que hace que se dure mucho tiempo buscándolos.

No obstante, esto es positivo porque significa que no están intentando hacer contacto con el equipo y uno de los objetivos de esta etapa es precisamente ir reduciendo la interacción con los humanos.

Acumulación de experiencia

Los datos sobre el comportamiento de estos tres mamíferos acuáticos se registran diariamente en tablas que son luego transferidos a computadoras. Toda esta información basada en la observación simultánea de tres manatíes, lo que es poco común en el mundo, servirá como experiencia para acciones similares en el futuro que se puedan ejecutar en cualquier país.

Historia de agresiones

Estos tres mamíferos fueron rehabilitados en el Acuario Nacional tras presentar heridas en diversos puntos de la costa dominicana.

Pepe y Juanita fueron rescatados por separado en el 2012. Pepe fue encontrado a orillas del río Haina y estaba deshidratado mientras que Juanita fue detectada en Bayahíbe con más de diez heridas que le había causado un pescador. Lupita fue rescatada en el 2018 en Luperón, Puerto Plata con una herida muy fuerte en el lateral izquierdo.

Desde entonces habían permanecido recibiendo cuidados y atenciones en al Acuario Nacional.

Las expectativas de los especialistas y de todos los que están involucrados en esta causa es que en un período de tres a seis meses los protagonistas de esta historia estarán listos para volver al inmenso mar.

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